Food Security - Meaning• Food Security exists, when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preference for an active and healthy life. (World Food Summit, Rome, 1996)
Availablity - Availability refers to the physical existence of food. On national level food availability is a combination of domestic food production, commercial food imports and exports, food aid and domestic food stocks. On household level food could be from own production or bought from the local markets. Regarding food production, water resources are required to produce the crops. Due to population growth and climate change, the pressure on existing natural resources, namely land and water, increases. Impacts of climate change are often leading to land degradation, lack of irrigation water, reduced soil moisture and therefore losses of economic livelihoods.
ACCESS - Access is ensured when all households have enough resources to obtain food in sufficient quantity, quality and diversity for a nutritious diet.
USE AND UTILIZATION - Use describes the socio-economic aspects of household food and nutrition security, determined by knowledge and habits. Assuming that nutritious food is available and accessible, the household has to decide what food to purchase and how to prepare it as well as how to consume and allocate it within the household.
ACCESS - Access is ensured when all households have enough resources to obtain food in sufficient quantity, quality and diversity for a nutritious diet.
USE AND UTILIZATION - Use describes the socio-economic aspects of household food and nutrition security, determined by knowledge and habits. Assuming that nutritious food is available and accessible, the household has to decide what food to purchase and how to prepare it as well as how to consume and allocate it within the household.